The synthesis of DNA is called replication. DNA replication is the process by which DNA makes a copy of itself during cell division. Replication starts at a particular DNA sequence called an origin of replication or ORI. In prokaryotic cells, the origin is at one site. In eukaryotic cells, the origin is at many…
RNA means ribonucleic acids are polymers of ribonucleotides. Unlike DNA, RNA contains single strand and ribonucleotides are joined by 3’, 5’-phosphodiester bonds. Major bases present in RNA are adenine [A], guanine[G], cytosine [C] and uracil [U]. There can be the presence of unusual or modified bases or ribonucleotides like ribothymidine [T], dihydrouridine [D] and…
DNA means deoxyribonucleic acids or polymers of deoxyribonucleotides. In humans, DNA is present in nucleus besides a small amount (less than 0.1%) of DNA also present inside the mitochondria. Discovery of fact that DNA contains genetic information way back in 1944 was a major breakthrough in the field of genetics. Sugar present in DNA…
Nucleic acids are macromolecules and they are the most important components of DNA and RNA. They carry genetic information in them. In fact, DNA and RNA are polymers of nucleotides. Nucleotides: Nucleotides are phosphorylated nucleosides. Nucleosides: Nucleosides are made up of nitrogenous bases and sugar ribose. Nitrogenous bases: Nitrogenous bases are 2 types: Purines…