The word chromosome is derived from Greek where chroma means color and soma means body. These are cell structure inside the nucleus. Each chromosome is made up of DNA tightly coiled histone proteins. Humans have a total of 46 chromosomes, which are organized into 23 pairs. These chromosomes are located within the nucleus of…
DNA replication is the process by which a cell duplicates its DNA to produce two identical copies. It is a vital process in cell division and ensures that each daughter cell receives a complete set of genetic information. DNA replication follows a semi-conservative model, meaning that each new DNA molecule consists of one original…
RNA means ribonucleic acids are polymers of ribonucleotides. Unlike DNA, RNA contains single strand and ribonucleotides are joined by 3’, 5’-phosphodiester bonds. Major bases present in RNA are adenine [A], guanine[G], cytosine [C] and uracil [U]. There can be the presence of unusual or modified bases or ribonucleotides like ribothymidine [T], dihydrouridine [D] and…
DNA means deoxyribonucleic acids or polymers of deoxyribonucleotides. In humans, DNA is present in nucleus besides a small amount (less than 0.1%) of DNA also present inside the mitochondria. Discovery of fact that DNA contains genetic information way back in 1944 was a major breakthrough in the field of genetics. Sugar present in DNA…
Nucleic acids are complex macromolecules found in all living cells and are responsible for the storage, transmission, and expression of genetic information. There are two main types of nucleic acids: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). Functions of nucleic acids include: Nucleic acids are fundamental to the structure and function of living organisms….